Since the launch of the Brundtland report in 1987, developing countries continue to face problematic trade-offs that must balance the pursuit of industrialization and economic development, reduce poverty, ensure environmental sustainability, and respect the welfare of future generations. Several contemporary trends warrant the positioning of this study in the academic literature and policy circle. At the policy level, though all regions of the world have made tremendous progress, sub-Saharan African countries remain the region with the worst human ...