GSEDA: Dissertations

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https://repository.nida.ac.th/handle/662723737/2946

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Community-based strategic environmental assessment for Mae Suai Basin management plan in response to emergency caused by Mae Suai Dam failure
Chayathat Niamsawaeng; Chamlong Poboon (National Institute of Development Administration, 2019)
This research aimed to study and find out the ways for community-based disaster risk management from flash flood caused by failure of Mae Suai Dam located in Chaingrai Province. This study adopted the qualitative approaches of action research including group interview, in-depth interview focus group discussion and workshop with 60 key informants from 6 Mae Suai communities consisting of local leaders, local wisdoms, community committees, and leaders of community organizations. The data were collected for 2 years (2014-2016) and analyzed by content analysis. The results showed that there were 3 stages of flash flood disaster risk management: 1) preparedness before disaster event, 2) encountering disaster event and 3) revival after disaster event. Preparedness comprised housing management and community organization, water resource management, databased of disaster risk group development and warning system development. Encountering disaster included the determination of migration routes, safety areas and shelter areas. Moreover, crisis communication procedures, coordination of assistance from agencies in the neighborhood for example Chiang Rai Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Office, Mae Suai Hospital, 37th Army District and mass media were determined. Finally, the revival after the disaster focused on rehabilitation of agricultural area and restoration of houses by skilled local people
Air pollution characteristics in Bangkok and PM2.5 emission in on-road transport sector for control policy implications
Labhatrada Saohasakul; Pakpong Pochanart (National Institute of Development Administration, 2022)
In Thailand, the air pollution situation is one of the severe environmental issues. Particularly, the major sources of PM2.5 in Thailand are normally caused by forest fire, biomass open burning, and vehicles. Bangkok, where is the capital city of Thailand, has faced the severe PM2.5 episode. According to the Pollution Control Department (PCD) annual reports, they revealed that the main causes of PM2.5 highly come from transportation and open burning, respectively. Thus, this study focused on the PM2.5 air quality in on-road transport sector in Bangkok by using Emission Inventory (EI) tool to identify the distinct source of vehicle types and fuels associated PM2.5 portions. The main aim is to establish the database of PM2.5 from on-road transport sector in Bangkok during 2010 to 2019. The types of vehicles were considered into seven types based on Department of Land and Transport that consist of personal cars, motorcycles, vans, public pick-up transport, buses, trucks, pick-ups, and tuk-tuk. The results showed that the largest vehicle which contributed to the high level of PM2.5 emission was trucks with the use of Pre-Euro diesel engines had the portion of emission up to 49%. Followed by Pickups with Pre-Euro diesel engines which had 38% of PM2.5 emission. However, to implement the policy for reducing PM2.5 concentration, the prediction of PM2.5 concentration in ambient air quality need to be considered. Thus, the relationship between PM2.5 and factor affecting PM2.5 concentration were correlated to estimate future PM2.5 prediction in Bangkok. Two models were developed in different variables by using the data of 2017 to 2019. The results demonstrated that the performance of PM2.5 model prediction in this study had high correlation with R2 0.84 and 0.86 for Model I and Model II, respectively. In addition, to verify the concentration of PM2.5 prediction in this section box model was applied. Finally, the implication of PM2.5 reduction policy were recommended based on the results of major sources of on-road PM2.5 emission and the future emission control standards for the next ten-years (2020-2030).
A study of the model of smart farming in urban community
Eakgalak Kanjananiyom; Wisakha Phoochinda (National Institute of Development Administration, 2023)
The objectives of this dissertation are 1) to study Smart Farming in urban community including problems and obstacles, 2) to analyze factors affecting the success of Smart Farming in urban community, and 3) to present a model of a sustainable Smart Farming of urban community. This is qualitative study consisted of interviews with experts and relevant agencies on smart farming in urban community: government agencies, state enterprises, public organizations, educational institutes, and private business sector. Smart Farming survey, 10 case studies, selected from farmers who are qualified as Smart Farming according to the criteria of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. The data were analyzed for common variables by selecting and extracting duplicate factors for analysis using CIPPI Model and 10 case studies of Smart Farmers to share their opinions and suggestions to create a model and test the model to present a sustainable Smart Farming model of urban agriculture. The findings reveal that Smart Farming in urban community of 10 case studies of smart farmers consisting of having knowledge on, having marketing about production information to make decisions, having awareness of product quality and consumer safety, having social and environmental responsibility, and having pride in being a farmer. In terms of factors affecting the success of Smart Farming, it consists of commitment and determination, ability to use it devices, ability to plan marketing and online marketing, training attendance for additional knowledge, training attendance for additional knowledge, recording, income-expenditure accounting, sufficiency economy farming, organic farming, and integrated farming, support from the public, business, and private sectors, knowledge of farming from ancestors, output certified with G.A.P. standard and forming of farmer groups for joint farming practice. The model of Sustainable Smart Farming includes for example personnel: Knowledge and advanced technology of smart farming should be developed, study tours of the smart farming prototype should be organized, as well as online meetings. Planning: Production planning in line with seasons and market demands of customers and consumers, the period where there are a lot of insects and pests must be avoided. Income: Focus on marketing and online marketing that places importance on standard and safe production process. CSR: Sustainable production process should be supported with focus on quality goods, least impact on the environment, especially efficient resource management such as optimal resource utilization, guideline to reuse waste in line with sustainable development, CSR, ethical management both in and outside the farm.
Green business model of biomass very small power producers
Paron Vongchan; Chutarat Chompunth (National Institute of Development Administration, 2022)
This research aimed to study the green business guidelines from case studies of successful biomass energy businesses, the community impact from biomass energy business, and construct the Green Business Model of Biomass Very Small Power Producers (BVSPP). The methodology consisted of the mixed-methods sequential design by comparison with the findings of the study results from different information sources such as four case studies of successful biomass energy businesses, impact on communities living within the three kms radius of the biomass power plants, assessment results of the (Draft) Green Business Model of BVSPP from nine assessors, as well as recommendations from the key informants. Then, analyzing the data by comparing the study results from three different sources to confirm the Green Business Model of BVSPP. The findings revealed that the concept of green business model of BVSPP consisted of four key aspects namely 1) Stakeholders aspect including BVSPP, Communities, Government, and NGOs 2) Sustainability management aspect including economic management, social management, and environmental management 3) Effectiveness aspect including Social Return on Investment (SROI) and 4) Learning and growth aspect including training/learning and innovation/technology. Biomass Very Small Power Producers could deploy the concept of this model for enhancing the performance of the biomass power plant business operation to generate SROI for all stakeholders in the biomass energy supply chain.
Development of appropriate indicators of eco industrial town in the Thai context
Samran Sonpuing; Chamlong Poboon (National Institute of Development Administration, 2022)
Eco Industrial Town (EIT) is one of important development policies of Thailand. An overlying goal of the operations under the EIT policy is to pave the way to create a happy industrial society. Indicators are primarily tool used for measuring the progress of EIT implementation in Thailand. Due to the weaknesses of the available indicators, together with challenges from emerging sustainability concepts and trends, the EIT framework and relevant indicators need to be further revisited and developed to be able to cope with the threats and challenges. Objectives of the research are: 1) to study the framework of the eco industrial town and its indicators in the Thailand context, 2) to develop the framework of eco industrial town and the appropriate indicators in the Thailand context primarily based on perspectives of the physical, the economy, the environmental, the social, the management, and others, 3) to confirm the suitability of framework of eco industrial town and the appropriate indicators in the Thailand context primarily based on perspectives of the physical, the economy, the environmental, the social, the management and others. Methodology used in the research comprised of 1) the documentary research on ground concepts of relevant concepts -- sustainable development, related current trends and movements that challenge to the EIT implementation in Thailand, 2) extensive feedback of the 30 experts in the field of eco industrial town and indicator development, and 3) feedback of the 62 relevant stakeholders to the EIT implementation. The research results provide a new framework which the continuous development perspective was added to the first five perspectives, 13 dimensions, 18 indicators are added to the existing framework of EIT of Thailand. The documentary research provide a new perspective (continuous development perspective) to the first five perspectives, then totally 33 dimensions, and 59 indicators were constructed consecutively. The extensive feedback of the 30 experts in the field of eco industrial town and indicator development were obtained from 2 rounds of questionnaire submitted to them. The experts' feedback are inputs for revising the EIT framework and its indicators. The final stage are asking for feedback from 62 relevant stakeholders of the EIT implementation in the target EITs of Thailand that used for revising of the EIT framework and its indicators. The final version of EIT framework and its indicators consists of 6 perspectives, 32 dimensions and 59 indicators. Therefore, the final version of EIT framework and its indicators are appropriate for using to evaluate and measure progress of EIT implementation of each area of target EITs in Thailand to check whether how well they do against the required criteria of EIT. Key recommendations for policy makers and EIT implementers are 1) support annual budget, handbook of EIT implementation, and training regarding the required criteria of indicators to stakeholders of the EITs regularly and continually, 2) revise the EIT framework and its indicators to keep up with the situation of global trends, 3) communicate and stimulate stakeholders of the EIT, especially communities and manufacturing plants to fully understand and recognize the purposes of EIT implementation, benefits from implementing EIT, and well-being of residents after implementing and receiving registration from Department of Industrial Work.
Utilization of sugarcane bagasse by-product for Polyhydroxyalkanoates production by Bacillus subtilis
Jittaporn Popanyasak; Tawadchai Suppadit (National Institute of Development Administration, 2022)
Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a by-product obtained from sugar processing that have abundance in Thailand. In order to manage this agricultural waste, it has been applied in numerous applications, especially fuel for power generation and producing value products. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of sugarcane bagasse for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production by Bacillus subtilis TISTR 008. The SCB was treated with alkaline hydrogen peroxide before introducing hydrolysis process. The effect of sulfuric acid concentration and reaction time on hydrolysis were evaluated. The SCB hydrolysate obtained from 0.5% (v/v) for 120 min showed the highest reducing sugar concentration. A one factor at a time experiment was employed to optimize nitrogen sources leading to the highest PHAs concentration. The result found that B. subtilis TISTR 008 could accumulate the maximum PHAs when using urea as nitrogen source. A full factorial design was used to optimize the SCB hydrolysate concentration and fermentation time for PHAs improvement. The use of hydrolysate concentration and fermentation time at 30% v/v and 48 hours resulted in the maximum PHAs accumulation of 0.33 g/L and dry cell weight of 0.98 g/L. The chemical characteristics of the extracted PHAs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The spectral confirmed that the PHAs produced from B. subtilis TISTR 008 using SCB hydrolysate as substrate was PHB.

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