Roles of digital media, factors affecting cyberbullying behaviors among Thai youths, and preventive and corrective approaches
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2021
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eng
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350 leaves
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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National Institute of Development Administration. Library and Information Center
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Napawan Archaphet (2021). Roles of digital media, factors affecting cyberbullying behaviors among Thai youths, and preventive and corrective approaches. Retrieved from: https://repository.nida.ac.th/handle/662723737/5702.
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Roles of digital media, factors affecting cyberbullying behaviors among Thai youths, and preventive and corrective approaches
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Abstract
The study is mixed methods research, comprising both quantitative and qualitative research, aimed to study 1) the characteristics of Thai youths risky for cyberbullying and being cyberbullied, 2) cyberbullying behaviors of Thai youths, 3) media, psychological, and social factors influencing cyberbullying of Thai youths, 4) roles of digital media on cyberbullying of Thai youths, and 5) preventive and corrective approaches or guidelines to deal with cyberbullying among Thai youths. The questionnaires were collected from 400 youths aged 13-18 years old in Bangkok and Chiang Mai. The statistics used are frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson Correlation, and Multiple Regression. Interviews were conducted with 8 youths who used to cyberbully or being cyberbullied and 3 experts. The findings were analyzed by inductive methods and presented in the form of descriptive statements.
From the study, most of the youths who are risky for cyberbullying and being cyberbullied are brought up in an “authoritarian or disciplinarian” and “uninvolved” family nurturance, with poor relationships between children and parents, and experience violence in their families. Youths who like to cyberbully tend to have self-confidence but have no understanding of individual differences while being hot-tempered and lacking empathy. On the contrary, youths being cyberbullied tend to have low self-esteem, be introverted, and gain no support from surrounding people.
Most youth samples used to be both cyberbullies and cyberbullying victims. Ten main types with 30 sub-patterns of cyberbullying are found. The cyberbullying frequently found are cyberstalking, trolling, flaming, etc. Most cyberbullying parties are friends, caused by their dislike, conflicts, and love affairs, etc. The length of a problem is between less than one week to 3 years and endlessly. The impact found the most is the psychological impact.
Media, psychological, and social factors affect cyberbullying at a moderate level. Psychological factors have the impact most, followed by media and social factors respectively. From the statistical analysis, it is found that all factors have a positive relationship with the level of cyberbullying at a statistical significance level of .01 and .05. From the multiple linear regression analysis, it is found that the revenge; the influence of stars, singers, net idols, and page administrators; and the emotional relief affect the samples’ cyberbullying behaviors at a statistical significance level of .05.
Both youth and expert samples agree that digital media play a role in facilitating cyberbullying in many ways: self-concealment, convenience, and ease of cyberbullying all 24 hours and from everywhere. Besides, digital communication may cause misunderstandings and arguments. Especially, by having a lot of bystanders, it can cause more violence than the violent content itself. Both cyberbullies and victims can perceive others' feelings and opinions; consequently, it can lead to violence in the real world. Moreover, digital media can create values of using vulgar words or violent expressions via the online world.
In addition, both youth and expert samples propose the following preventive and corrective guidelines: digital media users should have media, digital, and information literacy; parents should create a good relationship with their children and teach them how to use digital media securely; schools should organize participatory activities for the youth, i.e., discussion, or role-playing related to problems; system administrators and information service providers should monitor users’ identity and suspend accounts used to cyberbully others; mass media; page and website administrators should present information on problems in various forms to make people in society aware; and government agencies should organize learning activities, enforce the computer-related laws and acts, etc. From the findings, a model entitled, “C-SMART (Cyber Smart) Model,” or cyberbullying preventive and corrective model, comprising 1) C: Communication & Collaboration 2) S: Safety 3) M: Media 4) A: Acknowledgement 5) R: Regulations and 6) T: Teaching & Training.
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Thesis (Ph.D. (Communication Arts and Innovation))--National Institute of Development Administration, 2021