Abstract:
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This purposes of this research were to 1) study the cause and necessity of
internet policy formulation for child online protection in Thailand 2) to study the
process and approach of internet policy implementation and 3) to study the factors
which shape the success or failure of internet policy implementation for child online
protection.
The research results were the internet policy for child online protection in
Thailand is necessary and must be implemented to solve the problem, prevent the
threats to children from using the internet for the three main reasons. Firstly, the
situation and severity of the problem that has occurred continuously since 2002 have
intensified to a greater extent. And it was found that there were four main types of
internet threats to Thai children; Child Predation & Exploitation and Child
Pornography, Cyberbullying, Internet Gambling, and Online games. Secondly, the
government became aware of problem significance. And thirdly, Drive from the
international organizations and NGOs. Results of Internet Policy Implementation
were found to lack clear and specific policy and law. There were many collaborators
that lack coordination and integration across the ministry, the mechanism, mutual
supports, and clear guidelines. Thus, the policy objectives to solve problems and
protect children online were not fulfilled, according to the consideration of two
criteria of outputs and adequacy criteria. It was found that the factors affecting the
unsuccessful implementation of the policy consistent with the literature review and
related studies. Total six factors are 1) Policy’ clarity and coverage, 2) Capabilities of
Implementing Agency, 3) Front-line implementers 4) Supports from the locality, the
private sector, NGOs and the stakeholders, 5) Policy Resources, and 6) Political
Support. Two additional factors discovered were 1) Complexity of Implementation
and 2) Communication and coordination. Suggestions from studies ,the government
should urgently legislate the necessary and international-standard enforcement of laws
to protect children from all types of internet risks and harms also appoint the agency
who responsible directly in the implementation of Child Online Protection approaches
(or COP), as well as providing the “National Focus” for the coordination of
implementation.
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